What appearance might indicate the presence of gingival edema?

• A. Smooth shiny surface
• B. White stippled appearance
• C. Rough texture
• D. Localized swelling only

Answer: (A)

The presence of gingival edema is typically indicated by a smooth shiny surface of the gingiva. This occurs because edema causes an accumulation of fluid in the gingival tissues, leading to swelling and a lack of the normal texture found in healthy gums. The gingiva may appear swollen and inflamed, resulting in a shiny appearance due to the stretching of the tissue and the accumulation of interstitial fluid.

In contrast, other appearances, such as a white stippled appearance, are often associated with healthy gum tissue or certain types of keratinization. A rough texture might indicate other issues, such as plaque accumulation or periodontal disease, rather than edema specifically. Localized swelling might not reflect the overall presentation of gingival edema, as edema may be more generalized rather than confined to a specific area, although localized swelling can also be present in some cases.