What dental complication can arise if periodontal disease is not managed during pregnancy?

• A. Increased plaque buildup
• B. Uterine contractions
• C. Root resorption
• D. Teeth mobility

Answer: (B)

Periodontal disease during pregnancy can indeed lead to a significant complication: uterine contractions. The underlying connection is primarily related to the body's inflammatory response to periodontal pathogens. When periodontal disease is present, it can lead to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators that may enter the bloodstream and have systemic effects, including on pregnancy.

Increased levels of these inflammatory markers can contribute to the onset of preterm labor, potentially resulting in premature birth or low birth weight. This is particularly concerning because adequate management of periodontal health is not only important for the mother’s oral health but is also critical for ensuring a healthy pregnancy outcome.

The other options mentioned are related to dental health but do not have the same severe implications for pregnancy as uterine contractions do. For instance, increased plaque buildup may occur due to hormonal changes during pregnancy, but it does not have direct effects on pregnancy outcomes. Similarly, root resorption and teeth mobility can develop as a result of periodontal disease but are not specifically linked to complications during pregnancy in the same way that uterine contractions are.