What does edema of the gingiva typically present as?

• A. Loss of taste sensation
• B. Enlargement of marginal and interproximal gingiva
• C. Increased gum sensitivity
• D. Tooth discoloration

Answer: (B)

Edema of the gingiva is primarily characterized by the enlargement of marginal and interproximal gingival tissues. This swelling happens due to an accumulation of fluid in the gingival tissues, often in response to inflammation caused by factors such as plaque buildup, bacteria, or irritants. As a result, the affected areas of the gums become visibly swollen, leading to an increase in size and a change in the shape of the gingiva.

The presence of edema can significantly alter the appearance of the gums, making this enlargement a key indicator in diagnosing gingival health issues. In clinical practice, noticing this enlargement can prompt further evaluation and treatment to address the underlying causes, such as improving oral hygiene to reduce inflammation and restore gum health.

Other options may relate to symptoms or conditions associated with oral health but do not specifically define the characteristic presentation of gingival edema. For instance, loss of taste sensation is generally not linked to gingival edema, increased gum sensitivity may be a symptom but does not specifically describe the swelling, and tooth discoloration does not correlate with gingival edema directly. Thus, recognizing enlargement of the gingiva is essential for identifying the presence of edema effectively.