What syndrome is indicated by a history of multiple odontomas?

• A. Cushing's syndrome
• B. Addison's disease
• C. Gardner's syndrome
• D. Ectodermal dysplasia

Answer: (C)

The presence of multiple odontomas is primarily associated with Gardner's syndrome. This genetic disorder is characterized by the formation of adenomatous polyps in the colon, as well as tumors and other lesions, such as osteomas and epidermoid cysts. One of the hallmark features of Gardner's syndrome is the development of multiple odontomas, which are benign tumors that arise from the tooth-forming tissues.

In Gardner's syndrome, these odontomas can be part of the broader spectrum of dental abnormalities that the patient may present with, including impacted teeth and other dental anomalies. This condition is caused by mutations in the APC gene and has significant implications for the risk of colorectal cancer, reinforcing the need for early screening and surveillance in affected individuals.

The other options do not typically present with odontomas. Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease are both endocrine disorders associated with abnormalities in cortisol production. Ectodermal dysplasia involves developmental anomalies of the ectoderm, leading to issues like thickened skin, sparse hair, and defects in teeth, but it does not specifically present with multiple odontomas. Thus, Gardner's syndrome is distinctively linked to this dental finding, making it the correct answer.