Which condition is gingivectomy primarily indicated for?

• A. Gingival hypertrophy
• B. Gingival hyperplasia
• C. Gingival recession
• D. Hemostasis

Answer: (B)

Gingivectomy is primarily indicated for gingival hyperplasia, which refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the gingival tissues, typically resulting in an overgrowth or enlargement of the gums. This condition often occurs in response to factors such as certain medications (like anticonvulsants or calcium channel blockers), systemic diseases, or poor oral hygiene.

The surgical removal of the excess gum tissue through gingivectomy helps to restore the normal contour and function of the gums, making it easier for patients to maintain proper oral hygiene and reducing the risk of further periodontal issues. In this way, gingivectomy addresses the root of the problem by physically excising the overgrown tissue, thereby alleviating symptoms and improving the overall health of the periodontal tissues.

Other conditions mentioned, such as gingival hypertrophy, while related, aren't as specific as gingival hyperplasia and can sometimes refer to different aspects of gum tissue changes. Gingival recession refers to the loss of gum tissue which exposes the tooth root, and hemostasis pertains to the stopping of bleeding, neither of which are direct indications for a gingivectomy. Therefore, gingival hyperplasia is the primary condition that warrants this procedure.