Which of the following is NOT related to hypoparathyroidism?

• A. Chvostek's sign
• B. Tetany
• C. Bone pain
• D. Paget's disease

Answer: (D)

Hypoparathyroidism is characterized by low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which leads to decreased calcium levels in the bloodstream. This condition is directly related to symptoms such as Chvostek's sign, tetany, and bone pain.

Chvostek's sign is a neuromuscular excitability symptom that indicates low calcium levels, manifesting as twitching of facial muscles upon tapping the facial nerve. Tetany, which involves involuntary muscle contractions, is also a consequence of hypocalcemia often seen in hypoparathyroidism. Bone pain can occur due to disturbances in bone metabolism caused by low calcium, resulting in increased osteoclast activity and subsequent changes to the structure of bone.

On the other hand, Paget's disease is a chronic bone disorder characterized by abnormal bone remodeling, leading to enlarged and weakened bones. It is not directly related to hypoparathyroidism; instead, it is typically associated with increased bone turnover and is not a consequence of low parathyroid hormone levels. Thus, it stands apart from the other symptoms and conditions that are associated with hypoparathyroidism.